It is impossible to grasp fully the origins of the Association of the Holy Family if we do not constantly bear in mind the background against which it developed. There is no question here of painting a global picture of the religious situation in France in the first part of the 19^th century; we take it for granted that the broad outlines of it are already known. But we must say a word about the situation peculiar to Bordeaux which, while presenting aspects common to the rest of the country, also had its own specific traits. However, before entering fully into the subject, we shall give a brief chronology in view of the fact that not everyone may be familiar with the main outlines of Fr. Noailles’ life and of his foundation. We must be particularly attentive to the principal juridical acts, mentioned further on.